CJC-1295 · research summary

Neuronal M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are essential for somatotroph proliferation and normal somatic growth.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2009. Summary drawn from the study's full text. Each statement is followed by the exact sentence it comes from. This is a research summary, not medical advice.

Study type

Observational study using mutant mice
“We report the surprising observation that mutant mice that selectively lack the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype in the brain (neurons and glial cells; Br-M3-KO mice) showed a dwarf phenotype associated with a pronounced hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary gland and a marked decrease in pituitary and serum growth hormone (GH) and prolactin.”

Subjects

Mutant mice lacking the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype in the brain
“mutant mice that selectively lack the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype in the brain (neurons and glial cells; Br-M3-KO mice)”

Reported findings

Br-M3-KO mice exhibited a dwarf phenotype with anterior pituitary hypoplasia and reduced growth hormone and prolactin levels
“mutant mice that selectively lack the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype in the brain (neurons and glial cells; Br-M3-KO mice) showed a dwarf phenotype associated with a pronounced hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary gland and a marked decrease in pituitary and serum growth hormone (GH) and prolactin.”
Treatment with a synthetic GH-releasing hormone analog restored normal pituitary size and serum GH and IGF-1 levels in Br-M3-KO mice
“treatment of Br-M3-KO mice with CJC-1295, a synthetic GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog, rescued the growth deficit displayed by Br-M3-KO mice by restoring normal pituitary size and normal serum GH and IGF-1 levels.”
Central M3 receptors are required for the proper function of hypothalamic GHRH neurons and regulate longitudinal growth by promoting pituitary somatotroph proliferation
“Our data reveal an unexpected and critical role for central M3 receptors in regulating longitudinal growth by promoting the proliferation of pituitary somatotroph cells.”

Source: PubMed 19332789 · DOI 10.1073/pnas.0900977106 · all study summaries

Study type

Observational study using mutant mice

“We report the surprising observation that mutant mice that selectively lack the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype in the brain (neurons and glial cells; Br-M3-KO mice) showed a dwarf phenotype associated with a pronounced hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary gland and a marked decrease in pituitary and serum growth hormone (GH) and prolactin.”

Reported findings

Br-M3-KO mice exhibited a dwarf phenotype with anterior pituitary hypoplasia and reduced growth hormone and prolactin levels

“mutant mice that selectively lack the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype in the brain (neurons and glial cells; Br-M3-KO mice) showed a dwarf phenotype associated with a pronounced hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary gland and a marked decrease in pituitary and serum growth hormone (GH) and prolactin.”

Treatment with a synthetic GH-releasing hormone analog restored normal pituitary size and serum GH and IGF-1 levels in Br-M3-KO mice

“treatment of Br-M3-KO mice with CJC-1295, a synthetic GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog, rescued the growth deficit displayed by Br-M3-KO mice by restoring normal pituitary size and normal serum GH and IGF-1 levels.”

Central M3 receptors are required for the proper function of hypothalamic GHRH neurons and regulate longitudinal growth by promoting pituitary somatotroph proliferation

“Our data reveal an unexpected and critical role for central M3 receptors in regulating longitudinal growth by promoting the proliferation of pituitary somatotroph cells.”