Behavioral and neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease are attenuated in 5xFAD mice treated with intranasal GHK peptide.

Preclinical animal study using transgenic mouse model

“The aim of this study was to determine if intranasal delivery of GHK-Cu as a neurotherapeutic would effectively delay the onset of cognitive impairment and neuropathology seen in 5xFAD transgenic mice.”

3 months (12 weeks) treatment period from 4 to 7 months of age

“The experiment started when mice were 4 months of age and ended when they were 7 months of age for a treatment period of three months (12 weeks).”

Treatment decreased MCP-1 staining intensity, indicating reduced neuroinflammation in the frontal cortex and hippocampus

“Results showed that both male and female transgenic 5xFAD mice that received intranasal GHK-Cu had decreased staining intensity for MCP-1 in both brain areas (Figure 5) indicating reduced neuroinflammation levels compared to transgenic mice treated with intranasal saline.”